The 31-year-old ends his international career having made 32 appearances and scored four goals for his country.
McArthur made his international debut against the Faroe Islands back in November 2010, but after not featuring in over a year and having been beset by injury problems in recent months he has decided that enough is enough.
His last appearance came in a 2-2 draw with Slovenia in October of last year.
The former Wigan man announced his decision on Twitter, saying: "It is with much regret that I feel the time has arrived for me to retire from international football.
"I have been part of the Scotland set up for the last ten years and I am extremely proud to have been selected to represent my country on 32 occasions.
"I have found it increasingly difficult over the last year to manage a number of physical issues. I have debated long and hard about this decision and I feel the only way for me to be able to maintain my fitness in order to continue to play at the top level is to retire from international football.
"I would like to thank all the coaches, staff and fellow players with whom I have shared my Scotland career. It has been an honour.
"I wish Alex McLeish and his team every success in the future."
October 29, 2018