India, which like other Asian nations has invested heavily in football in recent years, is hoping to reach its first Asian Cup finals since 2011.
The final qualifying round sees six groups of four battling it out for the remaining 12 spots available.
The winner and runner-up from each group will qualify for the finals, which are held every four years.
Australia are the current holders.
The 2019 tournament, which takes place in the UAE, will be contested for the first time by 24 teams. The current format features only 16 nations.
Speaking at the draw, AFC vice-president Chung Mong Gyu, said the tournament was the "pinnacle of football in Asia".
"The AFC Asian Cup 2019 in UAE will be historic," he said.
"More countries will be involved and more fans will follow the matches across Asia and beyond."
Qualifiers begin later this year on March 28.
The official logo for the tournament was also unveiled prior to Monday's draw.
Group A: Kyrgyzstan, India, Myanmar, Macau.
Group B: North Korea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Malaysia.
Group C: Jordan, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Cambodia
Group D: Oman, Palestine, Maldives, Bhutan.
Group E: Bahrain, Turkmenistan, Taiwan, Singapore
Group F: Philippines, Tajikistan, Yemen, Nepal.